# Fundamentals of Cyber Security: A Comprehensive Guide
> Learn the core principles of cybersecurity, including the CIA Triad, common digital threats, cryptography basics, and essential security best practices.

Tags: cybersecurity, information-security, cia-triad, networking, cryptography, malware-prevention, it-security
## Fundamentals of Cyber Security
* Introduction to protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.

## What is Cyber Security?
* Definition: Protecting digital infrastructure, preventing unauthorized access, and ensuring data integrity.

## The CIA Triad
* **Confidentiality**: Access restricted to authorized users.
* **Integrity**: Maintaining accurate and complete data.
* **Availability**: Ensuring systems are accessible when needed.

## Common Cyber Threats
* Malware, Phishing, Ransomware, DDoS Attacks, Man-in-the-Middle, and SQL Injection.

## Network Security Essentials
* Use of Firewalls, VPNs, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), and Network Segmentation.

## Cryptography Basics
* **Symmetric**: AES, DES.
* **Asymmetric**: RSA, ECC.
* **Hashing**: SHA-256, MD5.
* **Digital Signatures**: Verification of authenticity and integrity.

## Authentication & Access Control
* Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), Biometrics.
* Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and Least Privilege Principle.
* Single Sign-On (SSO).

## Cyber Attack Lifecycle (Cyber Kill Chain)
* 1. Reconnaissance
* 2. Weaponization
* 3. Delivery
* 4. Exploitation
* 5. Installation
* 6. Command & Control

## Security Best Practices
* Strong passwords, software updates, regular backups, and Zero Trust Architecture.
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